The pipe’s coefficient is required to accurately convert PSI to GPM. Represented mathematically, this friction is called the hydrant’s coefficient of discharge and it represents a pipe’s wall shape and roughness or abnormalities. In practice, these conversions are often made using a theoretical discharge table, like the one we provide with our selection of pitot gauges.īernoulli’s equation, however, doesn’t account for friction produced when water flows through a pipe system. Daniel Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician, developed a formula to represent the relationship between velocity and pressure along a streamline. To convert from PSI to GPM, we refer to Bernoulli’s principle. The desirable unit of measure we seek from hydrant flow testing is a hydrant’s GPM. Each pitot gauge features a blade, a handle, and a pressure gauge. The captured PSI readings can be used to calculate the disparities in pressure between two points along a distribution system. Once placed within an open fire hydrant’s water discharge, a narrow tube inside the blade directs water toward the gauge to enable a pressure reading. Heavy pipe-wall deposits, compromised pipes, and closed valves are often discovered when analyzing data collected by hand-held pitot gauges.Ī pitot gauge consists of three components: a blade, handle, and pressure gauge. By calculating the GPM, inspectors can uncover reduced pressure and flow rates. The handheld pitot gauge remains the fastest and easiest method for measuring both straight-tip and hydrant-flow GPM. Just need to buy one or some accessories? We’ve got you covered. Read on as we describe what a pitot gauge is, why hydrant flow testing is necessary, who conducts these tests, and how to use a pitot gauge during a flow test. Pitot gauges make it simple to quickly measure the pressure of flowing water from fire hydrants, followed by converting those readings in pounds per square inch (PSI) to gallons per minute (GPM). Municipalities and other authorities require regular hydrant flow testing to ensure that fire hydrants can supply adequate water during an emergency. Pitot gauges make it easy to get accurate GPM measurements for fire hydrant flow tests
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